Measuring Emissions Catalogue 2026

This catalogue provides an explanation of how you create your emissions report and an explanation of the emission factors - how to use them and how they were created.

The files page contains the Interactive Workbook and the Emission Factors Flat File, a PDF version of this catalogue, and historical MEG files.

Introduction

Emission Factors

Appendices

List of Tables

About the guide

Table 1.1 — Common GWPs
Table 1.2 — Emissions by scope, category and source

Fuel

Table 3.1 — Summary of changes to fuel emission factors
Table 3.2 — Emission factors for the stationary combustion of fuels
Table 3.3 — Transport Fuel Emission Factors
Table 3.4 — Biofuels and Biomass Emission Factors
Table 3.5 — Transmission and distribution loss emission factors for natural gas

Refrigerant

Table 4.1 — Summary of changes to refrigerant and other gases emission factors
Table 4.2 — Refrigerants Emission Factors
Table 4.3 — Medical Gases Emission Factors

Purchased energy

Table 5.1 — Summary of changes to purchased energy emission factors
Table 5.2 — Emission factors for purchased grid-average electricity – annual average
Table 5.3 — Emission factor for purchased grid-average electricity – calendar quarters
Table 5.4 — Transmission and distribution losses for electricity consumption

Indirect activities

Table 6.1 — Summary of changes to indirect business-related emission factors
Table 6.2 — Working from home emission factors
Table 6.3 — Data used to calculate the emission factors

Travel

Table 7.1 — Summary of changes to travel emission factors
Table 7.2 — Vehicle engine sizes and common car types
Table 7.3 — 2010 and earlier vehicle fleet emission factors per km travelled
Table 7.4 — Vehicle fleet emission factors per km travelled, 2011–2015
Table 7.5 — Vehicle fleet emissions per km travelled, 2016−2020
Table 7.6 — Post 2020 vehicle fleet emission factors per km travelled
Table 7.7 — Default private car emission factors per km travelled for default age of vehicle and <3000 cc engine size
Table 7.8 — Default rental car emission factors per km travelled
Table 7.9 — Emission factors for taxi travel
Table 7.11 — Data used for calculating the taxi (regular) emission factor
Table 7.12 — Energy consumption per 100 km for average light passenger vehicles
Table 7.13 — Emission factors for public transport
Table 7.14 — National bus passenger kilometres in 2020/21
Table 7.15 — National bus passenger loading by region
Table 7.16 — Emission factor for national average bus
Table 7.17 — Auckland Transport 2024/25 data for electric and hydrogen buses
Table 7.18 — Auckland Transport 2024/25 data for diesel buses
Table 7.19 — Auckland train data
Table 7.20 — Ferry data
Table 7.21 — Bus emission factors per km travelled
Table 7.22 — Fuel/energy consumption per 100 km for pre-2010 fleet buses
Table 7.23 — Domestic air travel emission factors without a radiative forcing multiplier
Table 7.24 — Domestic air travel emission factors with a radiative forcing multiplier
Table 7.25 — Domestic aviation data (2016, 2020 and 2023)
Table 7.26 — Calculated emissions, without the radiative forcing multiplier, per aircraft type
Table 7.27 — Calculated emissions, with the radiative forcing multiplier, per aircraft type
Table 7.28 — Emission factors for international air travel without radiative forcing multiplier
Table 7.29 — Emission factors for international air travel with radiative forcing multiplier
Table 7.30 — Emission factors for helicopters
Table 7.31 — Accommodation emission factors by unit (room per night)

Freight transport

Table 8.1 — Summary of changes to freight emission factors
Table 8.2 — Emission factors for light commercial vehicles manufactured pre-2010
Table 8.3 — Emission factors for light commercial vehicles manufactured between 2010 and 2015
Table 8.4 — Emission factors for light commercial vehicles manufactured between 2015 and 2020
Table 8.5 — Emission factors for light commercial vehicles manufactured after 2020
Table 8.6 — Default light commercial vehicle values (based on pre-2010 fleet and a 2000–3000 cc engine size)
Table 8.7 — Emission factors for heavy goods vehicles, based on a pre-2010 fleet
Table 8.8 — Emission factors for heavy goods vehicles manufactured between 2010 and 2015
Table 8.9 — Emission factors for heavy goods vehicles manufactured post-2015
Table 8.10 — Default emission factors for heavy goods vehicles
Table 8.11 — Emission factors for freighting goods by road
Table 8.12 — Light commercial vehicles (energy consumption per 100 km)
Table 8.13 — Heavy goods vehicles (energy consumption per 100 km)
Table 8.14 — Data used to calculate the road freight (tkm) emission factor
Table 8.15 — Emission factors for rail freight
Table 8.16 — Information provided by KiwiRail
Table 8.17 — Air freight emissions without radiative forcing multiplier
Table 8.18 — Air freight emissions with radiative forcing multiplier
Table 8.19 — Coastal shipping emission factors
Table 8.20 — International shipping emission factors
Table 8.21 — Coastal shipping data

Water

Table 9.1 — Summary of changes to water supply and wastewater treatment emission factors
Table 9.2 — Water supply emission factors
Table 9.3 — Domestic wastewater treatment emission factors
Table 9.4 — Industrial wastewater treatment emission factors
Table 9.5 — Domestic wastewater treatment emissions calculation components
Table 9.6 — Industrial wastewater treatment methane emissions calculation information
Table 9.7 — Industrial wastewater treatment nitrous oxide emissions calculation information
Table 9.8 — Uncertainties with wastewater treatment emission source category

Materials and waste

Table 10.1 — Summary of changes to materials and waste emission factors
Table 10.2 — Description of landfill types
Table 10.3 — Emission factors by waste type disposed of in municipal (Class 1) landfills with gas recovery systems
Table 10.4 — Emission factors by waste type disposed of in municipal (Class 1) landfills without gas recovery systems
Table 10.5 — Emission factors by waste type disposed of in non-municipal (Class 2-5) landfills without gas recovery systems
Table 10.6 — Biological treatment of waste emission factors
Table 10.7 — Composition of waste sent to NZ landfills
Table 10.8 — Parameters specific to each waste type used for estimating methane generation in municipal (Class 1) landfills
Table 10.9 — Parameters specific to each waste type used for estimating methane generation in non-municipal (Class 2-5) landfills
Table 10.10 — Composition of typical office waste
Table 10.11 — IPCC default data used to calculate composting and anaerobic digestion

Agriculture, forestry, and other land uses

Table 11.1 — Summary of changes to agriculture, forestry, and other land-use emission factors
Table 11.2 — LULUCF forest growth emission factors
Table 11.3 — LULUCF land-use change emission factors
Table 11.4 — Implied emission factors from enteric fermentation
Table 11.5 — Enteric fermentation figures per livestock type
Table 11.6 — Implied emission factors from manure management
Table 11.7 — Manure management source data
Table 11.8 — Data used to calculate manure management emissions from dairy cattle
Table 11.9 — Implied emission factors from agricultural soils
Table 11.10 — Agricultural soils source data
Table 11.11 — Nitrogen fertiliser, limestone and dolomite emission factors
Table 11.12 — Examples of different categories of fertilisers
Table 11.13 — Data used to calculate nitrogen fertiliser emission factors
Table 11.14 — Data used to calculate limestone and dolomite emission factors
Table 11.15 — Parameters for calculating emissions from fertilisers

Appendix-A

Table A.1 — Mappings used for industrial and commercial sectors
Table A.2 — Underlying data used to calculate fuel emission factors

Appendix-B

Table B.1 — Default refrigerant charges for refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment
Table B.2 — Detailed 100-year GWPs for various refrigerant mixtures

Appendix-C

Table C.1 — Active landfills with landfill gas recovery

Table of Contents